Sunday, December 30, 2018

43. Samayasar Gatha 300-307


Now it is told that consciousness has its own bhava of the conscious form while all other bhavas are others. Hence the conscious bhava is acceptable while other bhavas are rejectable. – This is described in next gatha, which is announced by means of next kalash:

Shloka 184: Consciosuness has only the bhava of conscious nature and all other bhavas are clearly others hence only the conscious bhavas are acceptable while all other bhavas are discardable.

Same message is given in next gatha:

Gatha 300: Gyani, knowing his own nature and knowing all others’ bhavas ‘these are mine’- how can he make such statement? -  the Gyani pandit would never say so. How is the Gyani? – Knowing his pure soul he is stationary within it.

Commentary: The person who has become gyani by means of the intelligence to separate the soul and others by means of their own definite characteistics , that person definitely knows the conscious form own bhava to be his own while all other bhavas are others. – knowing this how can he say that ‘ these bhavas are mine’ for the bhavas of others. – Gyani cannot say so since definitely between self and others the relationship of oneness is impossible. Therefore only conscious bhava is acceptable while all other bhavas are discardable- this is the principle. 

Explanation: In the world it is the rule that the logical person does not call others’ property to be his own. In the same way the samyakgyani does not accept all other dravyas as his own and accepts his own bhavas only as his own.

Same is described by next kalash:

Shloka 185: Those whose conduct of consciousness is bright and most superior- such people desirous of Moksha should follow this principle, “ I am always pure consciousness form bright flame only, and all these several kind of bhavas of different nature are not myself, since they all are other dravyas for me.”

Explanation:  It is simple.

Now is it told that the one who accepts the other dravya is a criminal, gets bonded and the one who is satisfied with own dravya, is without guilt and is not bonded. – this is described by the next kalash:

Shloka 186: The one who accepts other dravyas is guilty and gets bonded. The one who is satisfied with his own dravya in the form of samvar, he does not accept other dravyas and is guilt free, does not get bonded.

This is described in next gatha by means of an example:

Gatha 301: The person who indulges in criminal acts e.g. theft etc., he moves around with a doubt that ‘he is thief’ – knowing this someone may arrest me ; in this manner with this concern he moves around in the world.

Gatha 302: However the person who has not indulged in any criminal act, he moves in the world without concern. He is never worried about getting arrested.

Gatha 303: In the same way if I am guilty then I have concern that ‘ I will be bonded’  such is the concern of the soul; however if I am guiltfree then I am without concern  i.e. ‘I will not be bonded’. In this manner the gyani contemplates.

Commentary: Just as in this world, the person who has commited “ theft of other’s dravya” – criminal act of such nature, he only is worried about getting arrested but the one who has not done such a crime has no concern at all. In the same way, the soul who being impure has indulged in “taking of other’s dravya” –crimimnal act of such nature, he only is worried about getting bonded but the soul who being pure has not commited such an act, has no concern – such is the rule. Therefore always one should discard all bhavas of other’s dravya and be one with pure soul- in doing so only  he  is guilt free.

Explanation: Just as someone who commits a crime such as theft etc. only is concerned about being arrested. Why should a non criminal have such concern? In the same way the soul which indulges in the crime of accepting other’s dravya then he has concern of being bonded. If he experiences himself to be pure and does not accept other’s dravya then why should he have concern of being bonded? Therefore discarding other’s dravya, being one with pure soul only causes being guilt free.

Now it is enquired that what is that crime? In reply the nature of crime is described:

Gatha 304: Sansiddhi, Radh, Siddha, Sadhit, Aradhit – all these words imply the same meaning. Hence the consciousness form soul, who is devoid of Radh (guilt free), that soul is Aparadh (guilty). 

Gatha 305: But the soul who is not Aparadh (guilty) is Niraparadh (guilt free) ; he is unconcerned, without fear. Knowing self to be “ I am (soul)” – knowing thus he always  manifests in worshipful form.

Commentary: Discarding other dravyas, the effort for attaining purity of soul is called Radh (guilt free). The consciousness form soul which has moved away from making efforts for purity of soul, that soul is called Aparadh (guilty). Or, the same is described in another way – the bhava which is devoid of Radh (guilt free), that bhava  is called Aparadh (guilty). Hence the soul which is accompanied with Aparadh , that soul is Saparadh (guilty). Such a soul with the  acceptance of other dravya, with the lack of effort for attaining purity of soul, with the concern for bondage present, due to his own impurity he is non worshipful i.e. does not worship  (the soul).

The soul which is devoid of guilt is Niraparadh, he has discarded the acceptance of all the other dravyas and is making efforts for attaining purity of soul, thus without concern for being bonded, he manifests with a surety that ‘I am pure soul only with the characteristics of Upayoga’. In this manner that soul always manifests worshipful of efforts for attaining pure soul, therefore he is worshipful only.

Explanation: Sansiddhi, Radh, Siddha, Sadhit, Aradhit – The meaning of these words is the same. Here the meaning of word Radh is  efforts for  attainment of pure soul hence those who do not have it, that soul is Saparadh (guilty)and those who have it are Niraparadh (gulit free). Those who are guilty are filled with doubt hence they are non worshipful. Those who are guilt free, when they are immersed in their Upayoga without having doubts, then they do not have concern for bondage and they are worshipful of true worship of unity of samyakdarshan-gyan-charitra.

Same is described by the kalash next:

Shloka 187: The soul which is guilty continuously bonds with infinite  pudgala permanu form karmas and the one which is not guilty never touches the bondage. The soul which is guilty, he experiences the soul impurely as a rule and is guilty only. The non guilty soul experiences the pure soul in the right way. 
  
Further Commentary: Now the follower of Vyavahara naya argues that why should one make effort to experience the pure soul i.e. why undergo hardship? The soul becomes non guility by the penances of Pratikraman etc. The non Pratikraman etc. of guilty do not cleanse his guilt, hence they are declared as pot of poison. Whereas the Pratikraman etc. of non guilty are capable of cleansing the guilt hence they are declared as pot of nectar.

The same is told in AcharSutra gathas which describe the Vyavahara :

Quote 1: Apratikraman(non repentence), Apratisaran(non persuit of good), Aparihar(non repudiation), Adharana(non retention), Anivratti(not discarding), Aninda(non criticism), Agarha(non confession) and Ashuddhi(non purification)- not carrying out penance for the mistakes commited by these eight ways is pot of poison.

Quote 2: And Pratikraman(repentance), Pratisaran(persuit of good), Parihar(repudiation),Dharana(retention), Nivratti(discarding), Ninda(criticism), Garha(confession) and Shuddhi(purification) – carrying out penance for the mistakes commited by these eight ways is pot of nectar.

In this way the follower of Vyavahara naya has argued. In reply, Acharya answers stating predominantly from aspect of Nishchaya naya:

Gatha 306: Pratikraman, Pratisaran, Parihar, Dharana, Nivratti, Ninda, Garha and Shuddhi- these eight are pots of poison since they carry the attitude of doership  and that doership is cause for bondage.

Gatha 307: And Apratikraman, Apratisaran, Aparihar, Adharana, Anivratti, Aninda, Agarha and Ashuddhi- these eight are pots of nectar since there the doership is negated i.e. not doing  anything; hence they are cause for non bondage.

Commentary: First of all the normal Apratikraman  etc. of the ignorant people are of the nature of lacking the realization of pure soul, hence being of the criminal kind by themselves , they are pots of poison only. Hence there is no purpose served in thinking about them. – they need to be discarded first. Further the dravya pratikraman etc. as described in Vyavahara Achar Sutra are pots of nectar also due to their capability of negating the faulty poison of guilt sequentially. Even so beyond both Pratikraman, Apratikraman etc., those who do not notice a third state in the form of Apratikraman etc , for them the Vyvahara or dravya Pratikraman is also pot of poison only , being incapable of carrying out the intended task of eliminating the faults since it causes bondage only.

Here the third state of Apratikraman etc. is by itself the realization form of pure soul i.e. it totally destroys  all the guilt form poison of the nature of mistakes. Therefore it is really pot of nectar only. Such a state generated in this manner reveres the  pot of nectar of vyavahara dravya pratikraman also. By such third state only the consciousness form soul is made guilt free.  Without such third state the dravya pratikraman etc. also are offenses only. Hence it establishes that by the third state of apratikraman etc. only the non offensiveness is attained. By acquiring that third state  only the dravya pratikraman etc. become meaningful. Hence do not believe that shastras of Nishchaya naya cause the dravya pratikraman etc. to be discarded.

Then what do they say? – By dravya pratikraman etc. alone the soul does not get rid of bondage. In addition to it, some difficult activities are required which are beyond pratikraman and apratikraman, of the form of apratikraman etc., with the characteristics of realization of  pure soul. They will be described in this Shastra later. The gatha is as follows:

Quote 3: The one who keeps himself away from the previously carried out shubha and ashubha karmas of different forms, that soul is Pratikraman.

The form  of Nishchaya Pratikraman etc. will be described later in gatha 383-386, there its meaning is also explained in detail.

Explanation: The follower of vyavahara naya, in the prelude to the gatha had told that ‘ by pratikraman etc. the soul is purified of the guilts, then why should one make effort for realization of pure soul and take trouble? After purification, it is automatically acquired hence there is no need to undergo hardship to acquire it.’ 

  Acharya explains to him that dravya pratikraman etc. only eliminate the defects but the form of pure soul is pratikraman free. Without taking recourse to it, the dravya pratikraman etc. are also of the form of defects. They are incapable to eliminating the defects since vyavahara naya is practiced in Moksha marg along with Nishchaya naya but Vyavahara alone is not the Moksha marga, it is path to bondage only. Therefore it is told that Apratikraman of ignorant are anyway pots of poison hence what is there to talk about them. Even the pratikraman described as part of Vyavahara charitra are also pots of poison from aspect of Nishchaya naya. Since soul is free of pratikraman etc. of the form of pure apratikraman etc. – so it should be known.

Same is described by the kalash next:

Shloka 188: Here the negligent people who are enjoying carelessly are criticized who are manifesting negligently taking recourse to Nishchaya naya alone. By criticism they are instigated to make effort. Thus those who are manifesting in carefree manner, their carelessness has been eliminated. Those who are taking recourse to vyavahara and with the support of other dravyas and dravya pratikraman etc. they are satisfied, their support has also been removed. They are asked to immerse their consciousness into the soul only and engage it there. Previously with the support of Vyavahara, the consciousness was traversing into several activities. Now it is made to concentrate in the pure soul itself. Till such time that the totally pure dense knowledge   form soul is not realized the consciousness should stay within its own self, thus the consciousness has been stabilized-  so  it should be known.

Now it is told that Pratikraman etc. have been declared pot of poison from Nishchaya naya aspect and Apratikraman has been called pot of nectar , but if someone misunderstands it and giving up pratikraman etc. becomes negligent then to enlighten him the next kalash is stated:

Shloka 189: O brother! Where Pratikraman itself has been called pot of poison, there how can Apratikraman be nectar ? Even then why the jiva is tending to fall downwards being negligent? Why does he not make effort to  climb upwards  carefully?

Explanation: Acharya says that there is no point in talking about the Apratikraman etc. of the ignorance state. Here the Nishchaya naya is predominant therefore those who were engaged in shubha activites of dravya pratikraman etc. , their bias has been removed by describing those activities as pot of poison since they also cause bondage of karmas. Thus the third state beyond Pratikraman- Apratikraman which is pure soul form, which is devoid of Pratikraman etc. and where Apratikraman is described as pot of nectar, preachment is made to climb in that direction.

Here Pratikraman is described as pot of poison – hearing this those who tend to become negligent, are told that why the Jiva tends to fall downwards ? Why does he not climb upwards in third state? Where Pratikraman is described as pot of poison, there its negation in the form of pot of nectar would be Apratikraman etc, these should not be misconstrued as Apratikraman of ignorants and they should be understood to be pure soul form third state.

The same is described in next kalash: 

Shloka 190: The laziness generated out of weight of passions is called negligence. How can the bhava of laziness filled with negligence be described as shuddha bhava? Therefore the Muni who remains stationary in the own nature of the soul, only can attain total purity and shortly he gets rid of the karma bondage.

Explanation: Negligence is caused due to weight of passions – such negligent cannot attain purity of  bhava. The Muni who makes effort to manifest in his own nature, he attains Moksha by getting purified.

Now the sequence of attaining liberation is described and Moksha Adhikar is completed:

Shloka 191:  The person who after discarding all the impurity causing other dravyas definitely , becomes stationary and attached in his own dravya ; that person gets free of all guilts as a rule and destroys all the bondage. With the bright illumination of his own nature attained  by the purification due to the nectar of consciousness flowing within self , he gets liberated from karmas.

Explanation: The person who first of all discards all other dravyas and gets absorbed within his own nature of the soul, he destroys all the future bondage by becoming free of the guilt of ragas etc. Then attaining Keval gyan which is ever illuminated , getting purified, destroying all karmas he attains Moksha. This is the sequence of attaining Moksha.

In this way the Moksha Adhikar is concluded. In its end the glory of  auspicious form knowledge is  recited by the following kalash:

Shloka 192: Now this knowledge attaining totality appears in glorious form.

What makes it appear? – By breaking the shackles of karma bondage the incomparable, indestructible Moksha has appeared.

How does it appear? – Whose natural state of permanently  illuminated form is revealed.

And how does it appear? – Singularly pure i.e. there is not even iota of blemish due to karmas. It has appeared totally pure.

And how does it appear? – Which is weighed with the own knowledge form bliss making it peaceful and vast. There is no end of it and there is no perturbation in it.

What does it do after appearing?-  Totally immobile , i.e. nothing can shake it or move it – which is immersed in own glory.

Explanation: The knowledge which has appeared ; that is with the destruction of karmas and in the form of Moksha, in abosolute natural pure state form, which makes the objects of knowledge negligible,  which has no end- such illuminated form, which has no perturbation – such glorious form reveals and immerses within own glory.

In this way, on the stage the disguise of Moksha Tatva had appeared. When the knowledge was revealed then the disguise of Moksha quit the stage.
This completes Moksha Adhikar with  307 gathas and 192 shlokas.




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