Sunday, February 10, 2019

49. Samayasar Gatha 366-372


Now the same is described by means of a kalash:

Shloka 215: Acharya says that the one who has applied his intellect in realizing the pure dravya and who experiences the Tatva – such person never observes another dravya being manifested within one dravya. The knowledge knows other objects of knowledge- this is fruition of pure knowing nature , even then why does the intellect of  the worldly people, restless for acquiring other dravyas, deviate   from the pure nature?

Explanation: On consideration of the nature of pure tatva from the aspect of shuddha naya, one dravya is not seen entering other dravya. The observation of other dravyas within knowledge is on account of nature of purity of knowledge. Knowledge has not captured them at all. This world, on observing the presence of other dravyas within the knowledge, deviating from the knowing nature, desires to acquire the subject of knowledge – this is ignorance. Here Acharya takes pity on those Jivas and asks that  why does the world deviate from the Tatva(right path) ?  

Same meaning is confirmed in next kalash:

Shloka 216: Whatever be the own state of the dravya, that is its own nature. The nature of soul is Gyan Chetna (knowledge consciousness) i.e. the nature of pure soul of the form of pure dravya, its essence  is gyan chetna- this being so, how can remaining other dravyas be his? – absolutely not possible. In other words how can other dravyas be of his nature?- absolutely not possible. Just as moonlight illuminates the earth ; does it mean that earth belongs to moonlight? - absolutely not. 

In the same way the knowledge always knows the objects of knowledge; then do the objects of knowledge belong to knowledge?- absolutely not.

Explanation: From the aspect of shuddha naya it is seen that the nature of a dravya does not change into another dravya form at any time. Just as moonlight illuminates the earth but earth does not belong to moonlight at all. In the same way the knowledge knows the objects of knowledge but the objects of knowledge do not belong to the knowledge at any time. The nature of soul is knowledge therefore in its purity the objects of knowledge are reflected by themselves. Even then those objects of knowledge do not enter the knowledge.

Now, how long the raga-dwesha are generated within the knowledge? That is described by kalash next:

Shloka 217: So long as this knowledge does not become of the form of knowledge and the object of knowledge does not become of the form of object of knowledge, till then raga(attraction) and dwesha(aversion) both are generated. Hence this knowledge should become of the form of knowledge.

How should it become? - which has removed its ignorant state- it should become since out of ignorance only the knowledge manifests in attraction-aversion bhavas and removing them the pure nature reveals itself.

Explanation: So long as knowledge does not become of the nature of knowledge and object of knowledge does not remain of the nature of object of knowledge ; till such time the raga-dwesha are generated. Hence this knowledge should remove ignorance and manifest as knowledge form. This would cause the two states of knowledge bhava-abhava (attraction-aversion) to be destroyed and the pure state would be revealed – that is the prayer.

Now it is told that with raga-dwesha-moha the darshan-gyan-charitra are destroyed and since the darshan-gyan-charitra are not present in the pudgala dravya and soul alone has darshan-gyan-charitra ; soul alone has raga-dwesha-moha due to ignorance , hence ignorance causes self destruction – such conclusion can be drawn-

Gatha 366: Darshan-gyan-charitra are absolutely not present in insentient subjects; hence how can those subjects be destroyed by conscious soul ?- he cannot harm them at all. 

Gatha 367: Darshan-gyan –charitra are absolutely not present in insentient karmas; hence how can those karmas be destroyed by conscious soul? – he cannot harm them at all.

Gatha 368: Darshan-gyan –charitra are absolutely not present in insentient body; hence how can those bodies  be destroyed by conscious soul? – he cannot harm them at all.

Gatha 369: Where Darshan-gyan-charitra are said to be destroyed , there no harm is said to occur to pudgala dravya.

Gatha 370: Jiva has several qualities which are not available in other dravyas. Hence Samyakdrishti has no desire towards sensual objects.

Gatha 371: The raga-dwesha-moha are manifestations of the jiva only, indifferent from him. For this reason there is no raga etc. in words etc.

Commentary: Definitely if something belongs to a substance then with the destruction of that substance , that something also gets destroyed. Just as a lamp has illumination ; therefore with destruction of lamp the illumination also gets destroyed. Conversely if the substance has something then with the destruction of something the substance also get destroyed. Just as with the destruction of illumination the lamp gets destroyed.

In the same way if something does not belong to a substance then with the destruction of substance , that something does not get destroyed. Just as with the destruction of the pot, its illuminator lamp is not destroyed. Further if substance does not have something then with the destruction of something, the substance does not get destroyed. Just as with the destruction of lamp illuminating pot, the pot does not get destroyed.

- Using the same principle it is told that the dharma, darshan-gyan-charitra of the soul do not get destroyed with the destruction of pudgala dravya and with the destruction of darshan-gyan-charitra the pudgala dravya does not get destroyed. This proves that darshan-gyan-charitra are not existent in pudgala dravya. If it were not so then with the destruction of darshan-gyan-charitra the destruction of pudgala dravya would have been necessary and conversely with the destruction of pudgala dravya the darshan-gyan-charitra must also be destroyed.

If it is like this then Acharya says that whatever be the qualities of Jiva dravya, they are not existent in other dravyas- so we see rightly and if it is not so then with the destruction of qualities of jiva, the destruction of pudgala dravya is a necessity which is unavoidable and with the destruction of pudgala dravya, the destruction of qualities of jiva is necessary and unavoidable but such is not the case.

Now it is considered- If it is so then why does the samyakdrishti have desire towards sensual objects?

There the Acharya says- there is no reason at all.

Again enquiry- which is the mine from which the desires are generated?

This is answered – Raga-dwesha-moha are ignorance form manifestations of the Jiva. This ignorance is the mine for the generation of the raga etc since sensual objects are other dravyas which do not manifest themselves into ignorant form raga etc. Further when ignorance  is not there then Jiva becomes Samyakdrishti and he does not indulge in raga etc either. In this way since the ragas etc. are not existent in sensual objects and since samyakdrishti also does not have them then they are really non existent.

Explanation: The qualities of Jiva are darshan-gyan-charitra etc. which are non existent in insentient pudgala dravya. Therefore the ignorant manifestations of soul are the cause for generation of raga-dwesha-moha  and due to them only his own qualities of darshan-gyan-charitra etc. are destroyed. The raga-dwesha-moha are produced in the being of the Jiva out of ignorance but when the ignorance is eliminated then the soul becomes Samyakdrishti and then thay are not generated. In this way from the aspect of shuddha dravya the raga-dwesha-moha are non existent in the pudgala, nor in the Samyakdrishti Jiva either. Since it is not existent in either , therefore it does not exist really, however from the aspect of paryaya, they are existent in the ignorant stage of Jiva – so it should be known.

Same meaning is described by a kalash next:

Shloka 218: In this soul the knowledge only manifests in the form of ignorance bhavas of raga-dwesha form. However observing from the aspect of dravya, those ragas etc. are nothing i.e. not of the form of different dravya. Hence Acharya inspires by saying that Samyakdrishti people should observe them from aspect of dravya clearly and destroy them, eradicate them; such that   pure natural knowledge form flame with stable bright illumination is gloriously illuminated.

Explanation: Raga-dwesha are not different dravyas. They are manifested out of ignorance of Jiva. Hence being Samyakdrishti one should observe them from the aspect of dravya that they are non entities. With such observation, the Ghati karmas get destoyed and Keval gyan gets revealed.

Now one dravya does not produce the qualities of another dravya, this is informed by the next kalash:

Shloka 219: Observing from the aspect of Tatva, no other dravya is seen to be cause for generation of raga –dwesha.These are manifestations of the consciousness only since it is logical that the manifestation of all dravyas is highlighted in their internal own nature. The qualities and paryayas of another dravya do not get manifested within another dravya.

Same meaning is described by the gatha next:

Gatha 372:  One dravya does not cause generation of qualities of another dravya since the rule is that all dravyas are generated by their own individual nature.

Commentary: Other dravyas cause generation of ragas etc. in Jiva- this should not be doubted since another dravya is incapable of generating qualities in other dravya. All dravyas are generated by their own nature. This is demonstrated with an example-

Does the mud taking form of a  pot is created by  the nature of potter or the nature of mud? – On enquiring between the two options, if it is told that it is created out of nature of the potter then pot should have been of the shape of the potter’s body since pot has been created out of the ego of the potter and efforts of his hands. However it is not so since one dravya is not seen to be responsible for the manifestation  of another dravya. Thus mud does not manifest out of the nature of the potter.

Then how does it get created? – Mud manifests due to its own nature since by its own nature the dravya is seen to be manifesting . Since mud does not transgress its own nature , hence potter is not creater of the pot. Mud only takes form of the pot without touching the nature of the potter, by its own nature. In this way all dravyas get manifested in their own paryaya forms on their own.

Are they generated  out of the nature of the nimitta form other dravyas ? Or are they generated out of their own nature ? – On enquiring between these two options, if it is said that they are generated out of the nature of the nimitta form other dravya then its manifestation should have been of the shape of other nimitta form dravya, but that is not seen since manifestation of one dravya is not caused by the manifestation of another dravya. Therefore all dravyas are not generated out of the nature of  nimitta form another dravya.

Then how is it created? – All dravyas manifest by their own nature since all dravyas are seen to be manifesting by their own nature. Hence in all dravyas the manifestation is not caused by the nature of nimitta form another dravya. All dravyas manifest by their own nature without touching the manifestation of nimitta form another dravya.

For this reason Acharya says that we do not see other dravyas as cause of generating raga etc. in Jiva on whom we could be angry.

 Explanation: Ragas etc. are generated within the soul; these are own imure manifestations. Considering from the aspect of Nishchaya naya, these are not generated by another dravya. Other dravya is merely nimitta only since one dravya does not generate guna and paryayas of another dravya –such is the rule. Hence those who believe that other dravya only has caused raga-dwesha to be generated within self, they indulge in singularity and do not understand the divisions of naya; hence are Mithyadrishti. On the other hand the ragas etc. are generated within the being of the Jiva, other dravya is nimitta only – such belief is Samyak Gyan. Hence Acharya has told that why should we be angry on other dravyas for the generation of raga-dwesha? The generation of raga-dwesha is by fault of our own.

Same meaning is described by Kalash next:

Shloka 220: Whatever generation of the faults of raga-dwesha occur within this soul, it is not on account of other dravyas at all. In that soul the ignorance alone is culprit which spreads. When soul realizes it then his ignorance subsides since ‘ I am of the nature of knowledge’ such belief alone is Samyakgyan.

Explanation: The ignorant Jiva believes the other dravyas to be the cause for generation of raga-dwesha hence indulges in anger against them, ‘Other dravyas cause raga-dwesha within me , hence I should keep them away’. Those ignorant people are explained that the generation of raga-dwesha occurs within the self due to own ignorance only; they are impure manifestations of the self alone. By understanding this, the ignorance gets destroyed and the SamyakGyan is revealed. Hence one should experience that ‘soul is of the nature of knowledge’. One should not be angry on other dravyas believing them to be cause for generation of raga-dwesha- this is the message.

To firm the same meaning and informing the next gatha a kalash is recited:

 Shloka 221: Those people who believe the other dravyas alone as the nimitta for the generation of raga-dwesha ; do not believe self to be the cause at all, they do not cross the river of the form of Moha since they lack the knowledge of the nature of self which is subject of Shuddha naya and their intelligence is blind.

Explanation: The subject of shuddha naya – soul is permanent, one, indivisible, consciousness form magnificient having infinite powers. It has such purity that depending upon the form of nimitta, it manifests accordingly. It is not so that as per  the influence of others, it manifests accordingly and it does not have its own individuality. Those who do not know the nature of soul, they believe that according to the influence of other dravya the soul manifests in the same way. Such believers do not ever cross the river of Moha i.e. the manifestations of raga-dwesha  of self. Their raga-dwesha are not destroyed since if they are generated due to our efforts then our efforts could destroy them too. On the other hand it they are generated by others then others can keep generating them and how can they be destroyed by us? Hence they are generated due to our efforts and destroyed by our efforts – believing this in certain aspect is Samyak Gyan.

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