Sunday, February 21, 2021

A Description of Reality ( Paramarth Vachanika by Pandit Banarasi das) - 4

                         4.The Infiniteness of Agam and Adhyatma Procedures

In Agam procedure the worldly marg and in Adhyatma Procedure the Moksha marg are described. All those bhavas which lead to karma bondage are included in Agam procedure ; the shubha raga of Vyavahara jewel trio is also included in this. All the bhavas of pure consciousness procedure are included in Adhyatma procedure. In this manner the streams of the two procedures are different. Both the procedures should be accepted to be infinite. There are infinite kind of corrupted bhavas in the soul and the nimitta form karmas are also of infinite kinds. In the pure manifestations of the soul also the infinite qualities have infinite variations. The manifestations of  knowledge etc. qualities are also of infinite types. In this manner the purity and impurity, both have infinite variations.

Just as in Samaysar, the agyani has been said to be existing in space of pudgala karmas; in the same way the impure manifestations have been said to be of the shape of pudgala here. It is not of the category of soul’s nature hence they are not said to be of the shape of the soul. The manifestations dependent upon the soul are pure manifestations and they are of the shape of soul; where pudgala has no relationship. The bhava related to the nature of the soul only can be reason for the bliss of the soul. The bhava related to pudgala can never be cause for happiness of the soul hence that bhava can never be venerable.

That bhava is guest, it has not appeared from inside, nor will it remain inside. Actually that bhava does not belong to the soul, it is not Moksha marg; since in any of the shubha-ashubha bhava, soul does not have any control; actually the control belongs to asrava and bondage. This corrupted bhava is dependent upon asrava-bandh, the nature of soul does not have its ownership; hence soul does not have its control. The domain of soul is only in pure consciousness manifestation.

The Agam procedure is of the form of Uday (fruition) bhavas while Adhyatma procedure is of the form of Upasham (subsidence), Kshayik ( destroyed) or  Kshayopasham ( subsidence cum destruction) bhava form. The inclusion of punya, pap, asrava, bandh and ajiva karma occurs in Agam procedure and Samvar, Nirjara, Moksha and shuddha Jiva occurs in  Adhyatma procedure. In this way both the procedures are different from  each other. If their forms are realized then with the differentiating knowledge the Moksha marg is revealed. In other words, the tradition of Adhyatma would  progress within self and the tradition of Agam (karma and impurity) would diminish and that is called as Dharma. The beginning of such Adhyatma procedure starts from fourth gunasthana. From fourth to fourteenth gunasthana Adhyatma procedure exists. However in accordance with the role, whatever is the relationship with impurity and karmas , that much Agam procedure is also there. With complete separation from Agam procedure one is liberated from the world and Siddha state is revealed. Later there is no relationship with pudgala at all and the tradition of continuance in the world from eternal times also gets totally destroyed from the roots.

The ignorant believes Agam procedure i.e. relationship with corruption and karma only to be the form of jiva and   does not know the real nature of jiva. Hence he does not have factual knowledge of Agam or Adhyatma procedures ; since the ignorant has believed the shubha raga form Agam procedure itself as Adhyatma procedure. This subject would be described in detail later. The proper knowledge of Agam and Adhtma procedure is known to Samyak gyani only.

In the world both the procedures of Agam and Adhyatma are prevalent from eternal times, but individually for one jiva the Agam procedure is from beginingless time while Adhyatma procedure form practitioner state is for innumerable samayas only. Any jiva can stay in practitioner state form a maximum period of innumerable samayas only , not more than it. If some jiva remains in practitioner state for minimum period and becomes Siddha , then also the duration of practitioner state is innumerable samayas only, this is the rule. All the jivas of the world may have such bhavas of Adhyatma procedure- such a rule is not there.

Now the infiniteness of Agam and Adhyatma procedures is considered:


The nature of infiniteness is demonstrated with an example. For example if we take the seed of Banyan tree in the hand and consider it from aspect of long term, then that seed of Banyan tree contains a Banyan tree, in future it would become the tree , all its future expansions are present in that seed along with its several branches, leaves, flowers etc. and each of the fruits has several seeds.

In this way consider the states of a single Banyan seed. Further if we consider minutely then the seed of that Banyan tree contain several trees. In this manner one tree has several seeds and each seed has one-one tree , if we consider this way then in future neither there is end of Banyan trees nor  is there  an end to the seeds.

Such is the form of infiniteness.

The form of such infiniteness is also observed by Kevalgyani purush as infinite form only; the infinity does not have an end which can be seen in the knowledge, hence infinity is seen in infinite form only.

In this way the infiniteness of Agam and Adhyatma should be understood.

 

Here example of tree and seed has been given for explaining the infiniteness. The tradition of tree and seed is since beginingless time, first tree or first seed? Brother! From aspect of tradition both are beginingless and on considering minutely, every seed has capability of being infinite trees in future- on such consideration no end can be seen of such tradition. In Jiva also the tradition of corruption and karmas is continuing since beginingless time and the flow of pure paryaya in the world is also continuing from beginingless time. First Siddha or Worldly ? – Both traditions are since beginingless time. First corruption or karmas? – Both the traditions are there since beiningless time. First dravya or paryaya ? – First general or specific? – both are beginingless ; in these there is no first or next.

If we say that ‘ this is the first paryaya of drvaya’ – then it denotes the beginning of dravya and dravya will not remain beginingless. In the same way if we say that ‘ this is the last paryaya of dravya’ – then at that point the dravya would be destroyed and the dravya would not remain infinite. Although each and every paryaya has a beginning and an end, but there is no beginning or end to the flow of the paryayas. That is to say, there is no first paryaya of dravya nor any last paryaya. The flow of paryayas was not existent in the dravya earlier and it started later; or the flow stops after sometime- this is not so. Just as the dravya is beginingless and endless, in the same way, the flow of the paryayas is also beginingless and endless and that is clearly being observed in the keval gyan. Just look! The reality of the world! The beginingless is being known as beginignless and endless is being known as endless, as it is by kevali bhagwan without any vikalpa.

Question : Which is the first paryaya and which is the last paryaya? Do the bhagwan not know even this?

Answer: Bhagwan would know the thing to be as it is or different from it? What is beginingless does not have a beginning, then how can bhagwan know its beginning? Further the thing which is endless does not have an end then how can bhagwan know its end? If Bhagwan knows its beginning and end then it negates the existence of beingingless and endless. Brother! It is inconceivable subject of nature. Oh! The knowledge in which the infinity is absorbed, on contemplating the divine infiniteness of that knowledge, the knowledge immerses in that itself , i.e. the knowledge becomes stationary  in itself , it becomes nirvikalpa.

 Question: If Bhagwan also do not know the ending of the infinite, then his knowledge has become limited? It does not establish the infinite capability of that keval gyan?

Answer: No. If Bhagwan do not know infinity in the form of infinity then his knowledge capability would be said to be limited; but bhagwan knows the infinity in the form of infinity directly with the unlimited power of keval gyan. Bhagwan could not know its end hence it has been called infinite – it is not so. Bhagwan has known infinity in the form of infinity hence it has been called as infinite. Omniscient also knows infinity and if he does know it then how will he be called omniscient?

Question: When Bhagwan came to know infinity then in his knowledge, its end came or not?

Answer: No. Bhagwan came to know infinity in the form of infinity , did not know infinity with an end. Bhagwan does not know infinity – this is not so- and by the knowledge of Bhagwan infinity ends- this is also not so. Infinity is known in the form of infinity in the knowledge of the omniscient. If infinity is known with an end then that knowledge is false; and if infinity is not known then  also that knowledge is incomplete.

Question: The thing which is infinite, how can that be known in the knowledge?

Answer: Brother! The infinite capability of the knowledge is extremely great, therefore the unlimited power of knowledge is able to reach infinity also. Only by contemplating of the unimaginable capability of the knowledge such a thing can be digested. The knowledge busy in corrupt state is limited, it cannot know infinity in direct form; but uncorrupted knowledge has extremely unimaginable power. Therefore it knows the beginingless-endless time, spatial elements of infinitely infinite Akash directly. Oh! The knowledge capability has been evolved infinite times.

Question: Here by quoting example of tree and seed, the tradition of karma and corruption has been declared as infinite , in such a condition, how can the corruption can be ended and Moksha attained?

Answer: The tradition of tree and seed is infinite in general form even so, all the seeds sprout into trees-such a rule is not there. Several seeds get burnt before sprouting and their tradition of being sprouted as tree ends. Once a seed gets burnt, it cannot sprout again. In the same way in the world, in general terms, the tradition of karma and corruption is endless, and it would never be eradicated from the world. However, in spite of this, in all the jivas the tradition of corruption will continue to exist- such a rule is also not there. Several jivas attain siddhahood by breaking the tradition of corruption by means of purushartha. For them the tradition of corruption ends. Once someone burns the seed of corruption , for him the corruption does not occur again- in this way the tradition of corruption can be broken also.

Question: The tradition of corruption is beginingless , then how can it be ended?

Answer: Beginingless tradition cannot be ended- such is not the case. Just as, in spite of tradition of tree and seed being beginingless, once a seed is burnt, the tradition ends. Similarly in spite of tradition of corruption being beginingless,  on account of Samyakdarshan- Samyakgyan- Samyak Charitra of a dharmi jiva, it can be ended. Just as Moksha Marg can have a new beginning even though it is not beginingless ; in the same way the corruption can end in spite of being beginingless.

Question: In both Agam and Adhyatma infinity has been described, what is their form?

Answer: There are infinite variations of corruption and their nimitta form infinitely infinite paramanus are there- in this way the Agam procedure describes infiniteness. Infinite qualities of Jiva have infinite pure paryayas and every pure paryaya has infinite earnest bhavas and infinite capabilities. In the smallest paryaya of knowledge there are infinite avibhag praticcheda (indivisible units) form strength. This is the way infiniteness is known in Adhyatma procedure. In each soul there are infinite qualities and in each quality there is capability of revealing  infinite pure paryayas, and every pure paryaya has infinite strength. If you realise the infinite strength of your soul and contemplate upon it then unprecedented adhyatma condition would be revealed.

On one hand the flow of corruption is beginingless and on the other hand capability of own nature is flowing along from beginingless time. In spite of stream of corruption, the stream of own nature’s capability has not been stopped and it has not vanished. When the manifestation is directed towards own nature then the tradition of stream of corruption gets broken and the tradition of adhyatma begins; which on completion would remain after a  beginning for infinite period.

Therefore O brother! Immersing within the self contemplate upon the capability of own nature, target it, meditate upon it and experience it. People are able to believe that one seed has generated a massive Banyan tree spreading into several kilometres, but the seed of  power of consciousness has capability of generating infinite kevalgyan form banyan trees- this they are not able to believe.

If you believe in capability of consciousness then with its support several branches and side branches of jewel trio form dharma shall be revealed resulting in a massive tree with fruits of Moksha. The power of the tree of Moksha  to be produced in future is dependent upon your seed of consciousness at present. On contemplating minutely, with experience you shall be benefited unprecedently.

                                                5. Knower of Agam- Adhyatma

 




Now the infiniteness described in Agam and Adhyatma is further clarified that who is the knower of their form-

It should be noted that the form of Adhyatma is infinite while form of Agam is infinitely-infinite. Actually Adhyatma is based upon one dravya while Agam is based upon infinitely infinite pudgala dravyas.

The forms of these two can be actually observed by the Keval gyan while partially it can be understood by the Mati-Sruta gyans. Therefore the knower of Agam and Adhyatma in totality is KevalGyani, while partial knower is Mati-Sruta gyani and some part is known to Awadhigyani-Manah Paryaya gyani.

These three ( total knower, partial knower, part knower) should be understood to have the knowledge more and less accordingly.

The Adhyatma procedure is dependent upon one pure soul only , even then it comprises of infinite pure manifestations of infinite qualities and each of the pure manifestation has infinite capability; this denotes the infiniteness of Adhyatma procedure. In Agam procedure, there are infinite variations of the corrupted manifestation and in that too the nimitta form karma has infinite variations with infinitely infinite pudgala paramanus involved in those karmas; - in this manner the Agam procedure is infinitely infinite being   dependent upon infinitely infinite pudgala dravyas.

Keval Gyani only has the complete knowledge of the infinite types of both. In the pure-impure manifestations of the jivas there are infinite minute variations which are properly known to Omniscient only and as told by omniscient; in general the knowledge of these two procedures is also there partially to Mati-Sruta Gyani. The Chhadmastha ( jiva having 1-12 gunasthana) cannot know the infinite variations completely , but which bhava is dependent upon nature, which bhava is dependent upon others, which bhava is cause for Moksha, which bhava is cause for bondage, which bhava leads to Dharma, which bhava does not lead to Dharma-  knowledge of such usefulness is there to Samyakdrishti also having mati-sruta gyan. This knowledge may be limited still it is in consonance with omniscience.

‘ This Vachanika is in accordance with the words of Kevali only’- this shall be told by Pandit Banarasidas himself towards the end of this Vachanika.

Out of the infinite kinds of shuddha- ashuddha bhavas, the capability to separate his own good or bad bhavas exists in the Mati-sruta gyan. With AwadhiGyan and Manah Paryaya Gyans also these bhavas are known partially direct. In this way the infinite variations of Agam and Adhyatma procedures are known completely by Keval Gyani . The Mati-sruta gyanis know a small segment of it and Awadhi-Manah Paryaya Gyanis know one part of it.

All these are  knowledges in their own ways and there are variations of these knowledges also. Keval Gyan is the same for all and there is no variations in it; but Mati-sruta gyan and Awadhi-Manah Paryaya Gyans have many kinds of lows and highs. With these knowledges, the Samyak Dirshti knows the Agam and Adhyatma procedures in accordance with high or low capability and with the power of these knowledges he practices the pure Adhyatma Procedure.

Pure consciousness form Adhyatma Procedure is Moksha Marg form which is unique; which has never been practiced earlier- such bhava exist. In the world, Jivas having such bhvas have been there since beginingless time. But for this jiva , this bhava is new   and unique. Jiva have been carrying out shubha-ashubha bhavas in accordance with Agam Procedure since beginingless time, and there is no novelty or uniqueness in it, nor is it cause for dharma. The pure consciousness procedure only is the cause for dharma which is dependent upon the nature of the soul. In this way the categories of Moksha Marga and Bandh Margas have been delineated clearly. Moksha Marga is dependent upon the soul while Bandh Marga is dependent upon the pudgala.

Question : The soul only indulges in bandh marga then why is it called dependent upon pudgala?

Answer: If Jiva manifests in accordance with his own nature, then bandha bhava would not be even generated. When he conducts external to his own nature then only bandh bhavas get generated.

In these bandh bhavas there are infinite paramanu form karmas which are nimitta form. Hence they have been called as pudgala dependent to distinguish their difference from the nature of soul, but some karmas cause those bandh bhavas- this is not the intent of such statement. Jiva himself manifests into the form of  that bhava as doer ; but that manifestation is not in accordance with his nature , it is directed towards pudgala- hence it is called pudgala dependent. This dependence does not lead to dharma or Moksha marga. 

The one who believes shubha as means for Moksha, in his belief the Moksha marga is pudgala dependent only since shubha bhava is pudgala dependent, and nowhere it is based upon nature of soul. Moksha marga is dependent upon the nature of soul only and the bhavas dependent upon pudgala can never be means for Moksha marga. Dharma is Adhyatma procedure form. Adhyatma procedure implies pure manifestations which are dependent upon the nature of soul and do not have slightest dependence upon others.

Oh ! How clear it is ! Moksha Marg is so clear and independent !! Oh! Forgetting such a clear path, this jiva has been wandering here and there externally. The Saints have declared the path clearly for great benefit of the world.

In Adhyatma procedure i.e. the pure paryaya form Moksha Marga, the dependence is only upon own dravya while in the bandh bhava form Agam procedure, the nimitta is that of skandh of infinitely infinite paramanus. A single paramanu cannot be nimitta for the bondage of jiva, infinitely infinite pudgala paramanus together only can be nimitta for the bondage. Even for the least duration-intensity of karma bondage , it involves infinitely infinite pudgala paramanus. Such tradition of infinite types of corruptions dependent upon infinitely infinite pudgalas is called the Agam form karma procedure.

Abhavya or Mithyadrishti is always existing in Agam form Karma procedure only; for him the Adhyatma form pure consciousness procedure is never revealed and he can never giveup Agam procedure. He never takes recourse to his own nature and never gives up dependence of the karmas. With the dependence on own nature of Dharmi , the Adhyatma procedure begins and the Agam procedure starts waning. Agyani does not even recognize such pure bhava. He does not have the right knowledge of the reasons of corruption and its procedure . He believes the corruption is caused by others, or accepts shubha raga form corruption procedure to be the dharma. In this way he does not know even one procedure properly- the same is further described now.

Agyani jiva being inexperienced cannot practice the Moksha Marga , this is narrated further:

 


Mithyadrishti Jiva is neither follower of Agam nor Adhyatma. Why? Since he just utters the form of Agam-Adhyatma based upon reading of scriptures but does not know their forms properly. Therefore the ignorant jiva is neither follower of Agam nor of Adhyatma. He does not experience its bhava.

Knowledge without experience is not even called knowledge. Even though one may have knowledge of the scriptures, known from the shastra that corruption and nature are different ; but so long as he has not experienced the difference of these two internally , till then it is not called Samyak Gyan. To summarize, the Mithyadrishti does not have knowledge of either the Agam procedure or the Adhyatma procedure, there he is neither follower of Agam  nor Adhyatma.

Question: Why Agyani is not knower of Agam-Adhyatma?

Answer: He does not experience the bhava, hence he is not the knower of Agam-Adhyatma. It means that he does not experience or feel the knowledge as described by the scriptures. ‘ The soul has pure nature and the bandh bhava is different from it ‘ – he knows this from shastra , but he does not feel within his own knowledge such bondage free pure own nature , therefore he is without feeling. The knowledge without experience is not Samyak; what is the use of knowledge with zero realisation? In fact minutely speaking, even the knowledge is erroneous since without differentiating knowledge of the form of own experience, the knowledge is not right.

The gyani perhaps may not be able to speak the language, nor able to recite the shastra, even so his samyak gyan is manifesting with the true realisation with internal experience and thus he is practicing Moksha Marga. The Agyani may have knowledge of shastra perhaps due to greatness of kshayopasham , but without true realisation of the jiva etc. tatvas in his own experience ,  he does not know the means to practice Moksha Marga. He is only believing the bondage procedure alone as the means to Moksha and practicing the same in delusion. Hence he is neither follower of Agam nor Adhyatma.

Question: It is understandable that the Agyani does not know the Adhyatma procedure hence he need not be called as follower of Adhyatma, but he has significant knowledge of the corruption and karma procedure i.e. Agam procedure; even then why has he not been called follower of Agam?

Answer: The Mithyadrishti is corrupted alright i.e. Agam procedure is present but he does not have right knowledge of it. He does not know corruption in the form of corruption hence he has not been called follower of Agam.

The Agyani does not recognize the Agam procedure itself. He indulges in corruption and karma is nimitta in the same ; although karma is not the cause of corruption, even then the Agyani believes other dravya to be the cause of his own fault. Believing other dravyas to be the cause for his own flaws-faults is a major mistake in realisation of tatva. Every single thing and its manifestation is independent of others and dependent upon the self- such is the Anekant (pluralism).

When someone realises the nature of reality to be so and does not believe his own qualities-flaws as caused by others i.e. he does not indulge in raga-dwesha towards others; then that jiva with differentiating knowledge, separating himself from others, becoming detached, can lean towards the self and with own efforts can  reveal the Moksha Marga.

The manifestations of Pudgala also are dependent upon the self and independent of others. All the objects of the world and their paryayas in reality are dependent upon their own self and independent of others, since the powers of a thing do not have expectations from others. Parayayas also have the same kind of power and they too do not have expectations from others. Such nature of substance is not realised by Agyani  hence neither he is follower of Agam nor of Adhyatma. Therefore he cannot practice Moksha Marga.

In this way Samyak Drishti jiva is knower of Agam and Adhyatma and practitioner of Moksha Marga while Agyani jiva not knowing the forms of Agam-Adhyatma cannot follow Moksha Marga.

This is the difference between Gyani and Agyani.

Continued…..

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